Concrete-incased pile.



GONGRETB INOASED PILE. APPLICATION FILED JUNI; 3, `1907. BENBWIID 00T s1, 1908.

Patented Jan. 1.9;4'1'909,

namurna by SACKETra wlwzms con. N y

lJonNc; 'BLACK lAun JAMsfFQ Ea'froifor rml'rarcmztoirn;caamonmafl' i cocRnfrI-ncasnn *anni Neb-910,453.-

Patented-38.115119, 1909.--A

ippuaaoa ma :une 0,"190z Vsaai N0. 007,005. naewea baut-ef 31;'1000.'` aan ifa. 40mm."

{LlZ-tl-Jhom-it may concern: `Be it knownthat We, JoHN'GBLacK and `JAMns EATON, citizens of'- the United tecting t e wood from the ravages of destrucl Statesy oflAme'rica, residents of Point Rich-- mond, county of Contra Costa, andf State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements lin iConcrete-Incased Pilesrjof which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to improvements made in covering the submerged portionof a wooden ile With concrete, as a means of. pro

tive'marine animals, such. as the ship-worm. The improvements comprising the said 1n vention embrace an extensible metalhc shoe adapted by its form to surround the ile and Vinclose an annular' space between t e shoe and the pile When'it is placed in position, and f an adjustable diaphragm of novel construc ti'o o n the bottom of the shoe, for closing the 'Y dbottom of the space between thev shoe and the pile. In connection ywith'th'ese arts a ing-devicesfor attaching and securing each creasing the ength of the shoe and thereby protective coverin surrounding thefpile for the desired lengt with a casing Vto confine vand retain in position 'thereon a body of concrete-mixture as a The diaphragm is of such construction tiat'it adapts itselfto variations in the diameter of thepile and in the lcontour of thesurface, so` yas to close the opening" at thebottom ofthe annular space. Ain which the' concrete -mixture or composi tion for the covering is placed. With the shoe and the extensible casin is combined means for maintaining it in position; with the top end above the surface of the water while the operation of forming the concrete cover`' ing is being carriedon; and also` for lowering the shoe and casing from time to time as the annular space is lled, 1n order to carry the covering down upon the pile.

The Aobject of the invention vis to facilitate the laborof forming a protective covering of` concrete uponthe submerged portion of a pile, or other similar support, after it has een driven in place;` and particularly to en-V l able lthe concrete .covering to be carried down into the mud .or bottoni inwhichthe any' desired height above the-water 'ef l pile is driven, and from that pointu' Ward to .v

manner 4in-*which -wefproceed to 'a plygandy carry out'the same is explained at engthA in the `following description, inwh-ich-referene is had to the accompanying.drawingwherein 'is illustrated a driven pile, or sup ort under a wharf, incased by a concrete jac et or cover' ing applied in accordance Withthesaid'invention, andwith the extensible metalliceas- 1n lshown infsection.-

igure l illustrates a driven ile 'havingits submerged portion protected y -aconc'rete covering of our-invention; themiddle ortion of the pileand the covering beingbro; en

away to ,.reducei the size of the --gure Fig.

2 is aA verticalsection, on ari-enlarged scale,v

through the shoe-and .its diaphraginor expanding bottom re vresenting-a-Aportionv of they pile andthe 'ac et or covering between the -pile andthe s oe Fig. .3 is a side-eleva- 'tionof the diaphragm with the. shoe inseeton. Fig. 4 is a plan or top-viewof Fig.j3. Fig. 5 is atolp-viewof the diaphragmas -it is opened for p acingit in position on the pile.-

ln covering va driven pile according to this invention the portion of the pile to be covered, asV indicated at a, is surrounded bye7 tubular, metallic casing in diameter 'somef what larger than the lpile to be covered, and placedover it so as to' inclose an annular space around the pile.V Into the upper end 'of the casing, which is supported o rvmain# tained above the water-level for'that purpose, a concrete-mixture c is poured in to fill the inclosed space from the bottomto the top, and 4thereby surround thepile with a concrete jacket or covering.

A novel feature of the casing consists ina diaphragm or expanding bottom 4 on the shoe or lowest section 2 Which is adapted by `its construction to close the bottom ofthe annular space between the pile and-the surrounding shoe to a suflicient extent to retain the concrete-mixture, andat the same-time to slide on the pile and allowv the shoe and the casing to move downward' on the pile With the conned concrete, under vthe weight of the parts.,`4 l

' In connectionwith the movable shoe 2 -and 'its diaphragm 4 -is an extensible casing com- .pesedoff'sepaate tubular sections ,iS-con--` ne'cted end to end, and provided with means the lower end of the next section as theyarefor fastening the-topend of one section to added: one after another. The top end of the casing is thus maintained above the-ewa# .iter-line during the'work of filling in the from slipping downy on the pi space between the-pile andthe casing witht and temporarily securing thereto wire-ropes b, which may be carried up to the top of the p'ile and fastened thereto,l or tothe structure su ported by it.

y this means the'casing and the concrete iilling are lowered down to the bottom as the work roceeds, until the covering is formed aroun the pilev from the mud or bottom in which theV pile is driven, up to a point above high-water mark, or to such additional:

height as the conditions may-callfor. The

ile is usually incased below the mud by al- `owing the casing and its contents to sink into themud, as illustrated'in Fig. 1.

In the operation of forming and placing the concrete by filling the casing from above and allowing it to move down on the pile, the

concrete-mixture'is employed in a dry state; and the water necessary to eect the chemical action and combination between the ingredients` of the mixture is obtained from the l surrounding body of water, which is admitted through the joints and-crevices of the shoe and the casing in sufficient quantity to produce the required effect upon the material. This feature of using and applying the materials of the concrete-mixture in a dry of the state is of important advantage, in allowing the casing and its contents to readily move downward by gravity. It also tends to produce a close fit and adhesion of the concrete covering to the irregularities in the surface ile and its variations in diameter. The liottom of the shoe is of such charactei` that it will it closely around the pile and close the annular lspace at the bottom; at the 7 same time it will yieldv and move down on the pile under'the weight of the load, whenl the ropes b are slackened. The construction of this yielding bottom, or diaphragm, which we have illustrated 'in the drawing is found well-adapted for the purpose. It has, besides, the desired quahties of simplicity and low ycost of manufacture in its favor. After being set and fixed in this manner, the metallic casing is allowed to remain in position on 'the pile'indeiinitely after the concrete has become hard; and being thus used, it will be obvious that the `construction of the shoe and The shoe 2 consists of two semicircular sections 13 and 14pivotally united together at one end by a pin 15 and arranged to enage with the lower edge of one of the metalic casing sections 3,V as indicated in Fig. 1'. Each sectionis rovided at its lower edge with an inturne flange 13. onwhchrests thedia' hragm. vThis dia hragm, which closes t e opening between t e lower end of theshoe and the pile, consists of two semicircular sections 4-4 secured to the u per surface of the ilanges.13, 13 by screw olts 18, as .indicated in Fig'. 3. lll/hen it is desired to place a shoe in osition itis spread open, as 'indicated in around the pile and the free ends t ereof are then brought together and secured by a pin or screw A1. The inner edge of the diaphragm is slit in radial directions to form a series of tongues 10 which are bent upwardly at an angle. These fingers are adapted to yield so that the diaphragm will conform to the shape and sizeof the pile, and thereby form a bottom to the shoe and retain the cement within the casing.'

vEach half orpart of the shoe is correeet-metal with a semi-circular opening in length-running radially from the open'center outward to within'a short distance'of the circumferential edge.

The trian ular spaces between the' tongues `10 are closed by strips 12 placed against the lunder side of the tongues, so as to ,overlap fthe adjacent edge thereof, and the strips 12 edges of the slitted metal are inserted between the semicircular plates 13-14 and fastened by screws'or rivets. The two parts gether by the hinge-joint 1 5 at one side, and by thebolt 16 passed through the overlapped ends ofthesemicircular plates at the opposite side, after the diaphragm is placed around the pile. 4

The lowermost section or shoe 2, and each section 3, is provided with means for fastening the upper end of one to the lower end of the next section; such as the hooks 6 having downwardly turned ends on each section near its top end, and the hooks 7 with upwardly turned ends similarly fixed on the section near its lower end. By tying and winding short lengths of wire 8 around'the hooks on'the adjoining ends of two sections after being placed togetherthey are readily drawn together and fastened.

'Ihel hooks 5 on the shoe to which are ati tached the supporting-ropes are turned inthe additional casing-sections should be as inexpensive as practicable', in order-to repossible the expense of pro-- ig. 5, ands laced are fastened in place by rivets. The outer` spondingly formed of a semi-circular disk of s the center of smaller radius 'than the pile, and l with slits at intervals apart on lines of equal composing the diaphragm are attachedv tocasingfcomposed of separate ytubular 'sectionsptshoe, and a diaphragm at the bottom of the" shoe adapted to close the otpening between the pile and the bottom ol the shoe,

` `and having the quality of accommodating -itself to the irregularities and the variations in the pile:

2. In a protective covering for a driven pile, or similar structure, a metallic casing composed of separatetubular sections' which are adapted to carry'up the height of the casing to maintain the same above the watere line, an expansible diaphragm at the bottom of the lowest casing-section adapted to'close the annular space :between the pile and the surroundingcasing at the bottom; and means for sustaining above and for lowering the same on the pile as the length ofthe casing is increased by the added casing-sections.

3. In a protective covering for a pile, the combination of a shoe comprising two sections, each of said sections'having a wall eX- tending perpendicularly, a diaphragm formed of two sections'. to close the ,lower end of the shoe secured to the sections thereof, and

a casing arranged'to engage with the'upper end of the shoe. v Y

4. In a protective coveringl for a driven pile, the combination of a casing arranged to surround the pile, a shoe at the lower end of saideasing comprising two semicircularrsec tions hinged together at one side, meansfor connecting the shoe .and casing together, and a diaphragm at the lower end of the shoe comprising a series of yielding lingers ar- 'ranged to close the space between the shoe and the pile.l

JOHN C. BLACK. JAMES F. EA'ION. Witnesses :h

EDWARD E. OsBoRN, JOHN il/ICCALLnv.`

y B l the weightlof the casing from 

